Machinery for shearing cloth



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' D. G. SUMNBR. A

MACHINERY FOR SHEARING CLOTH. No. 324,428. Patented Aug. 18, 1885.

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f D. C. SUMNER.

y MAGHINERY POR SHEARING CLOTH. yNo. 324,428. Patented Aug. 18, 1885.

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MACHINERY FOR SHEA'RI'NG CLOTH. No. 324,428. Patented Aug.- 18, 1885.

UNITEDr STATES PATENT Critical-.

DWIGHT CLINTON SUMNER, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

MACHINERY FOR SHEARING'CLOTH.

SPECIFICATION forming part. of Letters Patent No. 324,428, dated August 18, 1885.

Application tiled December 5, 1883. (No model.) Patented in England April 27, 1883, No. 2,144.

' fo all whoml it may concern.:

Be it known that I, DWIGHT CLINTON SUM- NER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Worcester, in the county of Vorcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machinery for Shearing Cloth, (for which I obtained a patent in Great Britain, No. 2,144, April 27,. 1883;) and I declare the following to be a description of my said invention sufficiently full, clear, and exact to enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form apart of this speciiication. p

In my former Letters Patent Nos. 265,644, 282,401, and 282,402, I have shown and described special mechanisms or devices for producing certain peculiar classes of sheared vornamentation, wherein the designs are composed of longitudinally-disposed lines with intersecting transverse lines or checks, intermeshing checks or basket patterns, and diagonally-arranged checks and spots. My present invention relates to another specially-constructed mechanism adapted for producing a design or style of nish not included in the above-named patents.

The object of my present invention is to afford a practical and efcient means for producing by shearing action on piled or napped fabrics a peculiar class or style of surface, or-

namentation, or finish, consisting of a series of parallel laterallydisposed ribs or welts extending across the fabric and separated by sheared lines or shorter-cut pile, said style of finish being very desirable and admirably adapted for such goods as plush, canton flannels, and other long-pile fabrics. I attain these objects bya mechanism the nature, construction, and operation of which is illustrated in the drawings and hereinafter explained.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional view showing the front'of the shear-revolver and ledger-blade, and Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse sectional view showing such parts of a shearing-machine as will illustrate the nature of my presentimprovements. Fig. 3 isa front view of a piece of fabric illustrating the style of nish effected by my improvement. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the fabric. Fig. 5 is a vicw'of one end of the shearing-machine, showing the arrangement of the driving-pulleys and belts and gearing for operating the feed-rolls. Fig. 6 is a View of the op 5 posite end of the shearing-machine, showing the arrangement of pulleys and belts for operating the revolver and for changing the relative speed of the feed. Fig. 7 is a sectional View showing the revolver, the ledger-blade, and the sheared fabric as disposed in a broad shearing-machine. Fig. Sis an end View on somewhat larger scale, showing the revolver, the ledger-blade, the guiding-support, and a portion of fabric as passing over the support. 6

In referring to parts, A designates the frame of the shearing-machine, of suitable construction to support the working parts.

B indicates the cloth-support,over which the fabric passes while undergoing the shearing operation.

C is the ledger-blade, xedin usual manner on the adjustable part a of the frame.

I) is the revolver or shearing-cylinder, constructed in the peculiar manner hereinafter 7 described for effecting the desired results.

E denotes guiding rolls for directing the fabric, and F the feed-roll for carrying forward the fabric G as it is finished.

H is a brush for straightening out the nap or pile on the surface to be sheared, and I indicates the screws for adjusting the blades to or from the face of the cloth.

.I denotes the operating-shaft,provided with pulley or pulleys J' for the driving-belt J2, 8 and with a pulley, K, for the belt K', which yoperates the revolver D; also, with pulleys for the operation of other parts of the mechfanism, as shown.

L denotes an auxiliary shaft for operating the feed devices or'rolls F, said rolls being connected with said shaftA by the gears and pinions F', pulleys Z Z Z, and belt L', arranged as shown in Fig. 5.

M indicates a belt-tightener worked by a hand-lever, M', whereby the feed devices can be thrown into and out of action independently of the other partsof the mechanism. Shaft L is operated from shaft .I by the pulleys N N' and belt O. (Shown in Fig. 6.) The direction of movement of the several parts is indicated by the arrows on the drawings.

For producing the laterally-ribbed surface on textile fabrics according to my improved IOO method, the revolver D is provided with. a single cutting-blade, d, fixed in the cylindrical body and extending longitudinally thereof in the manner shown. This revolver is preferably made about three and one-half inches in diameter, with the blade d projecting about half an inch from the body or cylinder,which gives a working diameter of about four and one-half inches. Its length may be more or less, according to the requirements of the machine. That shown in Fig. 1 is on a scale of about twenty-five inches in length, and that shown in Fig. 7 is on a scale of about sixtytwo inches length, or to shear goods sixty inches or less in width. The blade d may have sufficient curve or spiral set to prevent jarring or shaking the machine when in operation, the amount of curvature or spiral being for the length of revolver shown someless than once around the cylinder. Any desired degree of spirality within practical working limits may be given to the blade d; but I pre fer that shown as giving goed results in cut` ting action. The revolver is mounted in bearings j", and adj usted in relation to the inclined ledger-blade C and support B, so that when the cylinder D is revolved by the belt K on its pulley D the edge of the blade el .will act in conjunction with the edge of the ledger-blade C for shearing off such ofthe pilejor nap from the face of the fabric as may stand'between the edges,while the balance of the pile passes uncut. Each revolution of the revolver brings4 the edge of its single blade d'across that of the1 ledger-blade, giving an intermittent cutting action the full length of said blade, thus producing, as the cloth is moved forward with a uniform continuous motion over the guiding support B, aseries of furrows, m, and ribs w,` about one-half inch (more or less) apartin their central spacings, which furrows and ribs eX- tend transversely, or substantially so, across the piece of goods,or nearly ataright angle to" the direction of its movement through the machine, thereby imparting to the surface of the fabric a style of finish very desirable for of the revolver D and feed-rolls F. The speed of the revolver may be three hundred and ftyrevolutions (more or less) perminute. As illustrated in the present case, the fcedrolls F move the fabric about one-half inch forward during each revolution of the revolver, giving thelappearance to the fabric as shown in Fig. 7.

This method of effecting the production of transversely-extending lines by the aid of a single-bladed shearing-revolver is of great utility, economy, and practical value in the finishing and ornamentation of pile fabrics by shearing, as it can be cheaply and rapidly Worked and effects as a result a finish of great richness and beauty when applied on such goods as plush, velvets, canton flannels, fur beavers, and other long-piled fabrics.

The relative width of the ribsw can be somewhat varied by varying the speed at which the cloth moves forward in `relation to the speed at which the revolver rotates. This can be accomplished by changing the pulleys N and N', on the ends of the shafts J and L,

and substituting pulleys of other proportional i diameters, sothat the auxiliary shaft L will,

be operated by the belt O at greater or `less i speed in relation tothe shaft J. The 4,pulleys N N are soarranged that by loosening their `setserews they may be readily slipped from theshafts for interehanging, as desired.

""What I claim as of my inventiomanddesire lto secure `by Letters Patent,is f

1. A revolver or shearingeylinder`for clot-hi shearing machines, having a single longitudi- 1 nally-arranged blade, as described, combined for actionwith a ledger-blade and cloth-guiding support,disposed in the mannershown, for fthe purpose set forth.

2. A cloth-shearing machine` provided Vwith the single-bladed revolver D d, the ledgerblade, the cloth-support, the roll orv rolls for :guiding and feeding forward tl1e`fabric,and means, such as shown and described, for imparting motion to said revolverand feed-rolls, iu combination, for the purpose set forth.

Witness my hand this 30th day of `November, A. D. 1883.

DWIGHT CLINTON SUMNER.

Vitnesscsz Unas. H. BURLEIGH. S. R. BARTON. 

